Old vs new tax regime: the new regime has lower slab rates and makes income up to ₹12 lakh tax-free, but it removes most deductions. The old regime has higher rates but lets you claim 80C, 80D, HRA and home-loan interest. Which one is better depends on how much you can claim in deductions. The figures below are for FY 2026-27.
| New regime (default) | Old regime | |
|---|---|---|
| Tax-free limit (slabs) | ₹4 lakh | ₹2.5 lakh (₹3 lakh for 60+, ₹5 lakh for 80+) |
| Rebate | Up to ₹60,000: no tax up to ₹12 lakh | Up to ₹12,500: no tax up to ₹5 lakh |
| Standard deduction (salary/pension) | ₹75,000 | ₹50,000 |
| Top rate | 30% above ₹24 lakh | 30% above ₹10 lakh |
| 80C (PPF, ELSS, LIC, EPF, tuition) | No | Up to ₹1.5 lakh |
| 80D (health insurance) | No | Yes |
| HRA, LTA | No | Yes |
| Home-loan interest (self-occupied) | No | Up to ₹2 lakh |
| Employer’s NPS contribution | Yes (up to 14% of salary) | Yes (up to 10% of salary) |
| Highest surcharge | 25% | 37% |
Nil up to ₹4 lakh · 5% ₹4–8 lakh · 10% ₹8–12 lakh · 15% ₹12–16 lakh · 20% ₹16–20 lakh · 25% ₹20–24 lakh · 30% above ₹24 lakh.
Nil up to ₹2.5 lakh · 5% ₹2.5–5 lakh · 20% ₹5–10 lakh · 30% above ₹10 lakh.
Both regimes add 4% health and education cess. For a step-by-step calculation, see how to calculate income tax.
New regime: taxable income ₹14,25,000. Tax = ₹20,000 + ₹40,000 + ₹33,750 (15% of ₹2.25 lakh) = ₹93,750, plus 4% cess = ₹97,500.
Old regime, assuming ₹1.5 lakh under 80C, ₹25,000 under 80D and the ₹50,000 standard deduction: taxable income ₹12,75,000. Tax = ₹12,500 + ₹1,00,000 + ₹82,500 (30% of ₹2.75 lakh) = ₹1,95,000, plus cess = ₹2,02,800.
In this case the new regime saves about ₹1.05 lakh. The old regime only starts to win when deductions are large: typically when you also claim substantial HRA and up to ₹2 lakh of home-loan interest.
No. It is the default, but you can choose the old regime if it gives you lower tax.
No. Section 80C deductions are not allowed in the new regime. PPF interest and maturity stay tax-free under both.
No. Slabs, standard deduction and rebate are unchanged for FY 2026-27. The new Income-tax Act, 2025 applies from 1 April 2026 but keeps both regimes.
Sources: Income Tax e-filing portal, Union Budget 2026-27. General information, not tax advice.